Nagios

Introduction


Nagios has the ability to distinguish between "normal" services and "volatile" services. The is_volatile option in each service definition allows you to specify whether a specific service is volatile or not. For most people, the majority of all monitored services will be non-volatile (i.e. "normal"). However, volatile services can be very useful when used properly...

What Are They Useful For?


Volatile services are useful for monitoring...

What's So Special About Volatile Services?


Volatile services differ from "normal" services in three important ways. Each time they are checked when they are in a hard non-OK state, and the check returns a non-OK state (i.e. no state change has occurred)...

These events normally only occur for services when they are in a non-OK state and a hard state change has just occurred. In other words, they only happen the first time that a service goes into a non-OK state. If future checks of the service result in the same non-OK state, no hard state change occurs and none of the events mentioned take place again.

Tip Tip: If you are only interested in logging, consider using stalking options instead.

The Power Of Two


If you combine the features of volatile services and passive service checks, you can do some very useful things. Examples of this include handling SNMP traps, security alerts, etc.

How about an example... Let's say you're running PortSentry to detect port scans on your machine and automatically firewall potential intruders. If you want to let Nagios know about port scans, you could do the following...

Nagios Configuration:

PortSentry Configuration:

Edit your PortSentry configuration file (portsentry.conf) and define a command for the KILL_RUN_CMD directive as follows:

KILL_RUN_CMD="/usr/local/Nagios/libexec/eventhandlers/submit_check_result
 host_name 'Port Scans' 2 'Port scan from host $TARGET$ on port $PORT$.
 Host has been firewalled.'"

Make sure to replace host_name with the short name of the host that the service is associated with.

Port Scan Script:

Create a shell script in the /usr/local/nagios/libexec/eventhandlers directory named submit_check_result. The contents of the shell script should be something similiar to the following...

#!/bin/sh
 
# Write a command to the Nagios command file to cause
# it to process a service check result

echocmd="/bin/echo"

CommandFile="/usr/local/nagios/var/rw/nagios.cmd"

# get the current date/time in seconds since UNIX epoch
datetime=`date +%s`

# create the command line to add to the command file
cmdline="[$datetime] PROCESS_SERVICE_CHECK_RESULT;$1;$2;$3;$4"

# append the command to the end of the command file
`$echocmd $cmdline >> $CommandFile`

What will happen when PortSentry detects a port scan on the machine in the future?

See Also See Also: State Stalking

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